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52.
53.
Anton A. Kiss Costin S. Bildea Alexandre C. Dimian Piet D. Iedema 《Chemical engineering science》2002,57(4):535-546
This article continues earlier work (Comput. Chem. Eng. 24 (2000) 209) concerning the design and control of isothermal reactor-separator-recycle systems. The multiplicity behaviour of six reaction systems of increasing complexity, from one-reactant, first-order reaction to chain-growth polymerisation, is investigated. Below a critical value of the plant Damkohler number, Da<Dacr, the only steady state involves infinite flow rates. Feasible steady states become possible if the critical value is exceeded, Da>Dacr. For one-reaction systems, one stable steady state is born at a transcritical bifurcation. For consecutive-reaction systems, including polymerisation, a fold bifurcation can lead to two feasible steady states. Moreover, the transcritical bifurcation is destroyed when two reactants are involved. If the gel-effect is included, a maximum of four steady states are possible. When multiple steady states exist, the achievable conversion is constrained by the instability of the low-conversion branch. This has practical importance for polymerisation systems when the radicals’ quasi-steady state assumption is not valid or the gel effect is significant. 相似文献
54.
Mirona K. Mironova 《Cement and Concrete Research》2002,32(1):9-15
The paper treats complex phenomena that accompany the diffusion of sulfate ions into cement paste or systems. The ion distribution within the material was studied by designing a specific diffusion model. The model accounts for two phenomena: capillary filling with products of the chemical reactions and the subsequent liquid push out of the capillary. The approach allows to quantify the concentration of free ions having penetrated the cement stone and that of chemically reacted ions, and to assess the liquid push out. Experimental data are also presented. 相似文献
55.
Frederick Bloom 《Chemical engineering science》2003,58(2):353-365
A model for a semi-batch flotation separation process has been developed, based on available microprocess probabilities, and compared to experimental data obtained using a WEMCO laboratory flotation cell. In general, the model predicts the correct experimental trends. In many cases, the model also predicts removal efficiency very well. Parametric studies reveal that the model predictions are sensitive to a stability parameter, the turbulent energy density in the flotation cell, the contact angle between the solid particle and fluid, and the ratio of initial-to-critical film thickness. 相似文献
56.
A. Hynaux C. Sayag S. Suppan J. Trawczynski M. Lewandowski A. Szymanska-Kolasa G. Djga-Mariadassou 《Catalysis Today》2007,119(1-4):3-6
Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is part of the hydrotreating process, which is an ensemble of several reactions (HDN, HDO, HDS, etc.) taking place simultaneously at the industrial scale. Only sulfur is currently submitted to drastic Europeans specifications and conventional commercial catalysts cannot reach the specifications at low cost. This paper presents the behavior of a potential substitute catalyst tested for the deep HDS of a model molecule such as the dibenzothiophene (DBT). The substitute is molybdenum carbide supported on a mesoporous carbon black composite of surface area 240 m2 g−1. A global kinetic study of the deep HDS of DBT (300 ppm S) was performed at 623 K and 5.0 MPa and a global kinetic model was proposed as well as global rate constants were calculated to obtain theoretical plots of concentration versus contact time to compare with the experimental data. The kinetic model and global kinetic orders were confirmed as an acceptable correlation was found between calculated and experimental data. Furthermore, the determination of the global kinetic orders indicated that two types of active sites must be present on the surface in order to explain the observed results. 相似文献
57.
热带城市垃圾典型组分的热解特性研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
对热带城市垃圾的几种典型组分进行了热解实验,得到了它们的失重曲线,通过对失重曲线进行分析,得到了这几种典型组分的热解规律,并通过建立热解动力学模型,求出了其中两种组分的活化能E和频率因子A。 相似文献
58.
介绍了葡北地区地质构造及分层特征 ,分析了钻井难点 ,并给出了详细对策 ,从钻具组合、钻头优选、钻进参数优选、钻井液体系及安全技术措施等方面详细介绍了该区快速钻井技术。在葡北 4 - 11井和葡北 6- 1井的应用表明 ,该快速钻井技术能显著提高钻速 ,钻井周期明显缩短 相似文献
59.
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